Diagnosing ADHD in adults
Adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common and underdiagnosed condition. In a review article, Wender (1998) summarizes the important past history, family history and presenting symptoms with which adults suffering from ADHD can present.
Past history:
- A poor academic history, having been placed in special education in childhood, difficulties in learning to read or spell, persistent problems in reading and spelling, grades poorer than expected on the basis of intelligence, flunking out or quitting college
- Poor job performance, frequent changes, failure to be promoted
- Difficulty running and administering a household
- Difficulty in sustaining relationships
Presence of the above features in the history should suggest direct enquiry about ADHD symptoms such as
- Hot temper
- Fidgetiness in office
- Chronic “reactive” depression
- History of alcohol or drug abuse, heavy use of caffeine, or smoking
Specific family histories include
- Alcohol and drug use
- Heavy use of nicotine often associated with cigarette-produced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Antisocial characteristics
- ADHD problems such as quick temper and impulsivity
Familial and occupational maladjustment
Ref: - Wender, P.H. (1998) Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 21, 4, 761 - 774.